Analysis of Home in the Grapes of Wrath - 877 Words

â€Å"You can leave home all you want, but home will never leave you.† Sonsyrea Tate. Tate’s quote has distinct meaning depending on the individual who analyzes it. Many believe this quote to mean that a home is not a single place or object, but a concept or state of mind, which you have when you are around your family or loved ones. In the book The Grapes of Wrath by John Steinbeck this idea of â€Å"home is where the heart is,† is shown throughout the book. One of the main characters, Ma, shows with great strength the concept of home is not a dwelling or place where you live, but a state of mind. Ma, throughout the course of the book understood that a home is not a place, but where you are with your family. During the course of the book Ma takes†¦show more content†¦She was also upset about the family breaking apart when Noah, and Connie left on their own. She believed a family must stay together even in tough times. She did not care where they would l ive, as long as wherever they were the family would remain together, because she understood the concept of a home being where your loved ones are. In one of the final chapters of the book Ruthie out of anger tell about how Tom killed a man. So Ma out of fear goes to meet Tom, there they discus what Tom should do. Although Ma is worried about Tom and his safety where he goes, Tom makes a speech about where he would be. One part being â€Å"An’ when our folks eat the stuff they raise an’ live in the houses they build- why, I’ll be there.† (Steinbeck, 537) Tom makes mention of a house as a single location; while Ma is not concerned with that, as she is more concerned about Tom’s safety saying how is she going to know if he is hurt or killed. This can be taken as even though her fear of breaking the family apart, she is worried whether Tom can be safe. Showing how even though a person can leave a â€Å"home.† They still take part of the home a c arry it with them for the rest of their life. Homes are simply not places or a possession, but the love of the family you surround yourself with. Ma is one of the only characters in the book that truly realizes this. Some characters, such as Rose of Sharon, are focused on the possessions in life and only see home as a location.Show MoreRelatedThe Grapes of Wrath: The Role of Ma Joad1252 Words   |  6 Pagescharacter in those around us. Those who are strong are divided from the weak and the followers divide from the leaders. In the novel, The Grapes of Wrath, author John Steinbeck presents the character Ma Joad who serves an important role as the rock that keeps the family together. The Joad family, apart from many families in Oklahoma, is forced to leave their homes in search of work and better opportunities; California not only leaves them in poverty but despair. But through it all Ma Joad is the leaderRead More The Pain of the Okies Exposed in The Grapes of Wrath Essay1485 Word s   |  6 PagesThe Pain of the Okies Exposed in The Grapes of Wrath      Ã‚  Ã‚   The Dust bowl was an ecological and human disaster in the Southwestern Great Plains regions of the United States in the 1930s. The areas affected were Oklahoma, Texas, New Mexico, and Colorado. The poor handling of the land and years of drought caused this great disaster (Jones History). During this time the Okies--a name given to the migrants that traveled from Oklahoma, Texas, Kansas, or anywhere in the Southwest or the northernRead MoreThe Use of Symbolism in The Grapes of Wrath by John Steinbeck1052 Words   |  5 PagesThe Grapes of Wrath by John Steinbeck The Grapes of Wrath is a novel by John Steinbeck that in my opinion illustrates the terrible conditions under which the migratory farm families of America during the 1930s were forced to live under. This novel in a very descriptive and emotional way tells of one familys migration west to California from Oklahoma (the Joad family) through the great economic depression of the 1930s. The story revolves around the family having to abandon their home andRead MoreEssay about The Grapes of Wrath - Lifestyle in the 1930s1164 Words   |  5 PagesThe Grapes of Wrath is a historical and fictional novel that was written by John Steinbeck in 1939. He wanted to show his point of view of life in US during the years of Great Depression. This essay will talk about the lifestyle the public had during that time which dramatically changed conditions that the environment in we stern part of US had. The plot of Steinbeck?s work of fiction is rooted in the historical and social events of 1930s America, specifically the environmental disaster in OklahomaRead MoreEssay on Rhetorical Analysis- the Grapes of Wrath967 Words   |  4 PagesRhetorical Analysis- The Grapes of Wrath â€Å"You don’ know what you’re a-doin’,† were Casy’s last words before he died as a martyr. Casy died for his cause, his belief that the elite were not truly aware of how their greed was causing the suffering of the weak and that the weak could only surpass their sorrows if they worked together. Steinbeck uses chapter 25 of Grapes of Wrath to portray this very message. Steinbeck uses an array of rhetorical devices such as symbolism and the use of a instructiveRead More Damsels in Distress Essay1617 Words   |  7 Pagesdepiction in his novels, The Grapes of Wrath in particular. In the novel, The Grapes of Wrath the roles in which Stienbeck portrayed the women was contrary to the common roles of women, in the economic depression the United States suffered through in the 1930’s, which is the time period in which the book was set. Examining his portrayal of the female characters throughout the book one sees, the women becoming strong, do minant characters, and family leaders. In The Grapes of Wrath, the actions of Ma JoadRead MoreThe Grapes of Wrath: an Analysis of Rosasharn Essay examples717 Words   |  3 PagesThe Grapes of Wrath: An Analysis of Rose of Sharon Some people grow up naturally, stage by stage. Other people stay immature longer and are forced to grow up rapidly because of the situations that come upon them. In John Steinbeck’s Dust Bowl epic The Grapes of Wrath, the figure perfectly representing this is Rose of Sharon. At the beginning of the novel, Rose of Sharon (or Rosasharn as she is called by the rest of the Joad family) is the eldest daughter of the Joad family, and is dreamy andRead MoreThe Grapes Of Wrath By John Steinbeck1093 Words   |  5 Pages In John Steinbeck s The Grapes of Wrath, Tom Joad and his family are forced from their home during the 1930’s Oklahoma Dust Bowl and set out for California along with thousands of others in search of jobs, land, and hope for a brighter future. The Grapes of Wrath is Steinbeck’s way to expound about the injustice and hardship of real migrants during the Depression-era. He utilizes accurate factual information, somber imagery, and creates pathos, allowing readers connections to the Joad’s plightRead MoreMovie Essay for Grapes of Wrath1674 Words   |  7 PagesSociology M, 2-5 Grapes of Wrath Essay This assignment allowed me the opportunity to use my sociological perspective to analyze the film ‘The Grapes of Wrath. The Grapes of Wrath is a book made into a movie, based on the great depression of the 30s. It follows the Joad family, who has been forced off their family farm by the government, as they try to find a new settlement and head west to California after receiving flyers for high wage work in fruit orchards. This true story does anRead MoreThe Grapes Of Wrath By John Steinbeck1174 Words   |  5 PagesCody Kunzman 10/26/2014 The Grapes of Wrath Paper â€Å"The Grapes of Wrath† written by John Steinbeck is a classic America novel to say the least. Not only did he create such an inspiring and detailed story line but it was followed up by an Oscar nominated film directed by John Ford. The similarities and differences within the book and the film are very controversial and being able to break down what all happened in each will help a rhetorical analysis to take place in this paper. Rhetorically speaking

Types Of Governments Of Ancient Greece And Rome - 970 Words

After removing themselves from under the power of England, the former colonies, now states, were fiercely independent, a trait that was further reinforced by the American Revolution. As such, The Federalist essays oft use many examples based on the types of governments of Ancient Greece and Rome. Such examples were common as during the era, the educated man would be most familiar of these republics in their knowledge of political theory. As such, any arguments made by Hamilton, Madison, and Jay would be explained in a clear concise way to the common man, allowing them to empathize and potentially be swayed. Under the pseudonym â€Å"Publius† these three politicians would, over the course of a year between October 1787 and August 1788, published 85 articles that not only expounded upon the virtues of the Constitution and a strong central government, they also challenged the Articles of Confederation, the preceding constitution that allowed the states to remain independent and sovereign. The AoC, they claimed, led to an ineffectual government and would only lead to the newly freed states to splinter off eventually into separate governments given enough time. The new Constitution must override these Articles and usher in a better, more centralized form of government, and the Federalist Papers were the best way to convince the public to ratify it. Following a short foreword by Hamilton, Jay would be the first to attack. He was blunt, stating that the people no longer believe thatShow MoreRelatedGreek And Roman Comparisons And Contributions1698 Words   |  7 PagesContributions Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome are responsible for many facets in today’s world. In fact, when reviewing history, the Greeks and Romans are sometimes confused with one another. There are many shared traditions, but yet there are many differences between the two. The countries are both Mediterranean, however they had different social class structures, different mythology, and placed different values on life. Ancient Greece was vibrant in the fifth century B.C., but Rome was not in it’sRead MoreGreece s Impact On The World1360 Words   |  6 Pagestime and comparing the ancient civilizations of Rome and Greece to today, the root of our knowledge are greatly influenced on the minds who have lived at that time. Some may ask which civilization had the most impact on United States and the world? Many would say that the Romans had the most impact on United States and the world and some may contradict and say Greece had the most influence. However, Greece influenced the worl d and United States the most in tremendous ways. Greece gave the United StatesRead MoreClassical Civilizations of Ancient Greece, Rome, and China Essay897 Words   |  4 Pagescivilizations of Greece, Rome, and China have done this, but what sets them apart from the others is their lasting significance and lasting impact they had on the world. For this reason, they are considered classical civilizations. To describe how Greece, Rome, and Han China are classical, there are three systems that are used; these are Economic, Social, and Political. Out of these three classical civilizations, Greece came first in history. An important invention of Greece was its plumbingRead MoreGreece s Impact On The World1335 Words   |  6 Pagesand comparing the ancient civilizations of Rome and Greece to today, the root of our knowledge is greatly influenced on the minds who have lived at that time. Some may ask which civilization had the most impact on United States and the world? Many would say that the Romans had the most impact on United States and the world and some may contradict and say Greece had the most influence. However, Greece influenced the world and the United States the most in tremendous ways. Greece gave the United StatesRead MoreWomen Of The Roman Empire1022 Words   |  5 PagesIn the Roman Empire, and in most ancient societies, the role and status of woman has been obscured by the bias of ancient male writers. Just as women are viewed in ancient Greece, and Imperial China, women in the Roman Empire were viewed a s inferior to men. In the Roman Empire it was believed that women should be under the control of a guardian, which controls the aspects of her life. This guardian could be her father, husband, or a male relative (Nystrom). Marriage in the Roman Empire was not romanticRead MoreThe Golden Ages : Greece, Rome, and China Essay1360 Words   |  6 PagesGolden Ages : Greece, Rome, and China The Golden Ages of Greece, Rome, and China were periods when certain cultures reached many achievements in certain fields. These fields could include drama, poetry, sculpture, philosophy, architecture, math or science. Their achievements in education, technology, and government have greatly influenced modern society. The artistic and literal legacies of these periods continue to instruct and inspire people today (Beck 120). In Ancient Greece, the great heightsRead MoreEssay Greek and Roman Governments772 Words   |  4 PagesGreek and Roman Governments The Greek democratic and Roman republic governments each had their own positive and negative aspects making them similar, yet exclusively different. Both have had tremendous influences on governments in our modern world. Rome was a republic where the leaders were chosen through voting, while Greece practiced a more direct democracy in which the citizens participated in the crucial decision-making within the government. This paper will attempt to diagnose theRead MoreHomosexuality in Ancient Greece and Rome Essay example1353 Words   |  6 PagesHomosexuality in ancient Greece and Rome Americans endlessly recycle the old conflicts: first we fought about slavery, then segregation, then gender, and now sexual orientation-(Anon). Homosexuality is an on-going conflict in America, as well as other countries. The history of homosexuality goes back to the ancient civilizations. As we have different ideas and ways of dealing with it, so did the ancient civilizations of Greece and Rome. Ancient Greece is considered asRead MoreHow Strongly Ancient Societies Affected The Formation Of Today s Society1434 Words   |  6 Pagesaims to investigate how strongly ancient societies affected the formation of today’s society, by analyzing several characteristics basically originating from civilisations of Ancient Antiquity such as Greece and Rome. The civilized culture is dated back to ancient Greeks and Romans. Their contribution to philosophy, literature and politics has undeniably helped to form notions of modern Western cultures. This is because, assorted essential features in the life of Ancient Greeks and Romans which willRead MoreGreece And Rome : Models For The U.s. Constitution1564 Words   |  7 PagesLiz Mairena Survey of U.S. History; Section 28 Dr. Marlin Due date: 04/29/16 Greece and Rome: Models for The U.S. Constitution ​The United States Constitution was carefully crafted by a group of deliberate and thoughtful individuals; each having their own unique and particular ideas about government, and the people it may govern. As this supreme foundation for government was molded, each founding father put forth their learned beliefs and philosophies to be integrated into this modern document. All

How Dinosaurs Came to Disappear Free Essays

In this regard, the paper is going to look at the different theories such as sex, drugs, and disaster.. Focusing on the theories used to determine the causes of extinction of these big mammals, one of the critical theories that Gould considers is sex. We will write a custom essay sample on How Dinosaurs Came to Disappear or any similar topic only for you Order Now In this theory, it said that since testes function under low temperatures that are biologically friendly, the sudden increase in temperate during the cretaceous era may have caused the testes to become dysfunctional (Gould). As such dinosaurs disappeared from the earth due to lack of procreation. Another theoretical approach asserts that around the same time, vegetation produce contained contaminated agents which affected the survival of the animals. Additionally, the occurrence of certain disasters such as comet hitting the earth may have created a shade of powder in the sky thereby suppressing the photosynthesis process and fundamentally lowering globe temperature, which made dinosaurs to vanish. On account of logos appeal, the author of the author chooses a previous study that was conducted during the sass. This study focused on one of the close relatives of the dinosaur. The aim was to establish functional traits, especially those focusing on the biological attributes of the animal that can be associated with the dinosaur. In this regard, the study focused on the tolerance of the alligator to extreme heat. The study assessed the amount of heat that alligators can absorb and how this can affect their existence. As such, using an example of an alligator, Gould shows that temperature can cause them to loose the functionality of their physiological system, which is critical for maintaining their temperature. This implies that these creatures have experience suffering during the experience and this causes them to become dysfunctional. Still on the logos appeal, the study also focused on the experience of large mammals such as the dinosaur when there are extreme temperature fluctuations. Gould asserts that large mammals that have fairly small areas can release heat through a gradual process that enables them to maintain constant temperatures. This only takes place when there are ordinary fluctuations of weather conditions. The author uses a logical appeal to convince the reader that the dinosaur hat became extinct years back had a hefty size, which was too big to be affected by temperature fluctuations. The author uses the study to support his claims. Gould also asserts that large dinosaurs lived in favorable climates where temperature was normal. In this regard, the author recommends that any rise in universal temperatures before the Cretaceous annihilation may have caused the dinosaurs to warm up than their premium tolerance. Since they were bulky, this surplus heat may not have been extreme to kill or even to hamper functionality of the great beasts. However, Gould seems to agree with the previous theoretical position regarding the impact of temperature on testes. Earlier, it was suggested that they work best within a slim range of temperature. As a result, this surplus heat may have sterilized all the male dinosaurs. As such, they were unable to procreate successfully and give rise to future off springs. On ethos appeal, the author brings into light the truth about the drug overdose theory, which claimed that dinosaurs disappeared because their nutrition was interfered with the growth of these bitter and toxic plants. The author agrees that indeed blossoming plants did not develop until tardy in the dinosaurs’ regime. He adds that the shrubs produced pungent amino-acid-based alkaloids. However, to claim that these plants could have poisoned the dinosaurs and caused them to disappear was unethical. Gould claims that majority of mammals are able to use their instincts and taste preferences to avoid eating poisonous plants. Even though the plants may have been bitter, mammals have livers that are able to produce antidotes to attack the poison. Indeed, this claim makes sense because it is unethical to overlook the biological functionality of the body and its ability to protect the body against toxins. The original study by Siegel claimed that dinosaurs could neither accommodate the flavor of the bitter plants nor cure the food they ingested. Indeed, the only way these animals may have been poisoned was through an overdose. Is there such evidence of an overdose? On pathos appeal, the author attempts to appeal to the emotional centre of the reader by looking at the outer space probes that have a deep association on the literature of dinosaurs destruction, The argument rose yet again in 1979, after a long pause, when the father-son, physicist-geologist squad of Luis and Walter anticipated that an asteroid, some 13 km in thickness, struck the ground 66 million years ago. The strength of such a crash would be massive, greater by distant than the Jumbo tonnage of all the world’s nuclear arms. In trying to rebuild a scenario that would elucidate the synchronized disappearing of dinosaurs on terrain and so many creatures in the aquatic the team proposed that a gargantuan grime shade, caused by particles blown up in the illusion would so dim the earth that photosynthesis (growing of vegetation) would stop and temperatures drop abruptly. The single-celled photosynthetic marine plants, with existence cycles calculated in weeks, would expire completely, but land plants might stay breathing throughout due to the capability of their seeds. Dinosaurs would die by malnourishment and glacial atmosphere; miniature, warm- blooded mammals, with added humble necessities for food and better guideline of body hotness, would yelp through. Indeed, the author figuratively brings out the Lloyd destruction in a way that makes it look like an end of the existence of living things. The reader is left with a vivid image of a humongous object flying from the outers pace, coming at a great speed, and hitting directly on the habitat of dinosaurs. As such, the reader is able to associate this story to similar stories such as those found in the bible, for example, the destruction of the Babylon city. In conclusion, the author does a great Job of analyzing the theories by focusing on the background information, present belief system, application of science, and reality. The theories proposed by the scientists give rise to a number of questions such as how could we likely settle on whether the idea that the rise of temperatures caused testes of the dinosaurs to become dysfunctional and consequently unable to give rise to new offspring? Can this be applied in consideration to the biological realities that we know about? Indeed, this theory carries weight to make a logical appeal to the reader. Could they keep away from the high heat by staying in the shade or caves? On the other hand, the article leaves the reader wondering whether the dinosaurs had a pacific diet that they relied upon and whether this disappeared at the time the bitter shrubs were sprouting. How to cite How Dinosaurs Came to Disappear, Papers

Business Project Management

Question: Discuss about theBusiness Project Management. Answer: Introduction: Definition of Project Methodology Sheffield and Lemtayer, (2013) stated that the term project management methodology is referred to as a combination of logically relevant organizational processes, practices and methods that enable a successful evaluation of a project within the organization. The methodology has the capability to plan, develop and maintain a project implemented within the organization. Additionally, the methodology continues working appropriately until the designed project implement properly. According to Partsch, (2012) project management is a scientifically proven systematic and organized approach that helps to implement and execute a proper business plan. Role Plays of Project Management It plays vital role in every organizational structure. This is the initial step as the rest of the processes follow these steps. The concept of project management was traditionally and today also implemented in every organization to manage the project process and to reduce the risks that might occur within the organization (Lewandowski Wierzbicki, 2013). It consists of series of constructive stages. The role plays by project methodologies are followed: It is used to measure the feasibility study of the project that is whether the project that is going to be implemented is feasible in the competitive marketplace or not. It is used to calculate weather the software, hardware and the network platform using for the project planning are beneficial for the organization or not (Mahalakshmi Sundararajan, 2013). Initially it helps to predict the maintenance cost. During the implementation of the project methodologies it plays the role on black box and white box testing where the software developer team measures the validation and verification of the software product. One of the traditional approaches is classical waterfall model. The model is easy to process and most of the organizations use this model to implement the planned project (Kumar, Zadgaonkar Shukla, 2013). Though waterfall model is easy to design but in real rather practical life the implementation of this model is not possible. These methodologies play a vital role in the project management. Project management can also represent the hierarchical structure (John Kadadevaramath, 2014). These are as followed: Project management framework Methodology Lifecycle stages Process and process management Tasks and activities Different Methodologies Selection of two Methodologies Among different project methodologies and processes that are implemented in organizations two project mythologies are selected: Waterfall model and SDLC (Software development lifecycle). These are the most efficient product methodologies used in differ organizations in order to improve the organizational outcome. Figure 1: Waterfall Model (Source: Sheffield Lemtayer, 2013, pp- 460) Analyses Compare and Contrast Between SDLC and Waterfall Waterfall model and SDLC models both are used in for the organizational project development. There is a different between SDLC and Waterfall model. Software development life cycle models are of different types such as- classical waterfall, evolutionary, prototype, spiral model (Lewandowski Wierzbicki, 2013). It means that SDLC contains all the features of waterfall but waterfall model does not contain all the features of SDLC. SDLC Waterfall model SDLC is the parental model of the entire software development model which is contains requirement, design, development, testing and maintenance. Waterfall model consists of 6 steps such as- feasibility study, requirements gathering, requirements analysis, designing, modeling, coding and unit testing, integrated testing implementation and maintenance. Spiral model is another sub model of SDLC, which is meta model because it contains the integrated features of evolutionary model, prototype model (Kumar, Zadgaonkar Shukla, 2013). Waterfall model is easy to design but in real life projects the implementation is not appreciable. In prototype model a dummy model is initially used and all the experiments go through the dummy and then according to the consumers demand changes are made. This model is formed in the initial stage and cannot be changed after implementation (Partsch, 2012). According to the users demand a core model is designed in the evolutionary model and changes are made step by step (Sheffield and Lemtayer, 201). This is not a user friendly project model and thus, can be used in real life organizational experiments. Relationship of SDLC and Waterfall Models to the Project Life Cycle (PLC) The SDLC and Waterfall models are widely used in Project life cycles. The project life cycle model firmly focuses on the phases, processes, tools, knowledge and skills that are required to manage an organizational project development. SDLC is a part of PLC and waterfall model is a part of SDLC (Mahalakshmi Sundararajan, 2013). The development activities followed in PLC includes five steps of management such as setting of the organizational goal, planning of the project, execution of the project, closing and evaluation of the project. References John, B., Kadadevaramath, R. S. (2014). A methodology for achieving the design review defect density goals in software development process.International Journal of Manufacturing, Industrial Management Engineering,2(1), 181-191. Kumar, N., Zadgaonkar, A. S., Shukla, A. (2013). Evolving a new software development life cycle model SDLC-2013 with client satisfaction.International Journal of Soft Computing and Engineering (IJSCE),3(1), 2231-2307. Lewandowski, A., Wierzbicki, A. P. (Eds.). (2013).Aspiration based decision support systems: theory, software and applications(Vol. 331). Springer Science Business Media. Mahalakshmi, M., Sundararajan, M. (2013). Traditional SDLC Vs Scrum MethodologyA Comparative Study.International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering,3(6), 192-196. Partsch, H. A. (2012).Specification and transformation of programs: a formal approach to software development. Springer Science Business Media. Sheffield, J., Lemtayer, J. (2013). Factors associated with the software development agility of successful projects.International Journal of Project Management,31(3), 459-472.

Luke Gospel Essays (2175 words) - Prophets Of Islam,

Luke Gospel Physician and companion of Paul wrote this Gospel in the mid 60's A.D. Luke wrote both the Gospel of Luke and Acts making him the largest contributor to the New Testament. These writings both begin with dedications to Theophilus, perhaps a potential or recent convert or patron who sponsored the circulation of Luke and Acts. The third Gospel presents Jesus as the Son of Man. The first three chapters and the beginning of the fourth give us the entrance of the Lord into the race, beginning with his genealogy; how he was born and made one of us. Then chapters four through nineteen trace for us the first part of his ministry among men, and especially, his journey toward Jerusalem, with the final chapters dedicated to the last days of sacrifice and triumph. Luke's historical narrative begins as follows: With the birth of Zechariah and Elizabeth's child, John. Elizabeth was barren, she and Zechariah were well along in years but Gabriel, an angel of the Lord appeared to Zechariah saying, "Your wife Elizabeth will bear you a son and you are to give him the name John and he will be filled with the Holy Spirit." Zechariah questioned the angel, "How can I be sure of this? I am an old man and my wife is well along in years." Gabriel said, "I stand in the presence of God, and I have been sent to speak to you and to tell you this good news. And now you will be silent and not able to speak until the day this happens." And this was so. A virgin named Mary was pledged to be married to a man named Joseph, a descendant of David when the angel, Gabriel went to her and said, "Greetings, you who are highly favored! The Lord is with you. Do not be afraid, Mary, you have found favor with God. You will be with child and give birth to a son, and you are to give him the name Jesus. He will be great and will be called the Son of the Most High. The Lord God will give him the throne of his father David, and he will reign over the house of Jacob forever; his kingdom will never end." When Jesus made his virginal entrance into the world, the shepherds were visited by an angel telling them the Savior had been born and they could find him wrapped in cloths and lying in a manger in the town of David. The shepherds hurried off and found Mary and Joseph, and the baby. The second item Luke gives us is the story of Jesus' presentation in the temple at the age of 12, and the way he surprised everyone with his ability to answer questions -- his great mental capacity. Some years later, John son of Zechariah and Elizabeth, was preparing the way by preaching a baptism of repentance for the forgiveness of sins. While John was baptizing people, Jesus was baptized too. The heaven opened and the Holy Spirit descended on him and a voice said, "You are my Son, whom I love; with you I am well pleased." It was here that Luke gave a detailed account of Jesus' genealogy, tracing it back to Adam. Now Jesus was about thirty years old when he began his ministry. Temptations were great. The Spirit led him to the desert, where for forty days he was tempted by the devil. He ate nothing during those days, and at the end of them he was hungry. The devil tested him in many ways but Jesus did not waiver. As you continue through Luke, you see Jesus teaching and preaching, At one time he was rejected by the people of Nazareth where he had been brought up. Jesus drove out evil spirits from a man possessed by demons. He healed a women suffering from a high fever. People brought to Jesus all who had various kinds of sickness, and laying his hand on each one, he healed them. It was at this time Jesus called his first disciples-Peter (Simon), James, and John. Jesus' teaching and healing continued. He was questioned about his behavior on the Sabbath, concerning fasting and healing. The Pharisees and the teachers of the law were looking for a reason to accuse Jesus, so they watched him closely. Jesus knew what they were doing. The Pharisees were furious and began to discuss with each other what they might do to Jesus. After praying one night the next

What Does Shakespeare Want His Audience To Think About the Character of Shylock Essay Example

What Does Shakespeare Want His Audience To Think About the Character of Shylock Essay Example What Does Shakespeare Want His Audience To Think About the Character of Shylock Essay What Does Shakespeare Want His Audience To Think About the Character of Shylock Essay Essay Topic: Play The play The Merchant of Venice was written by William Shakespeare some time between the late summer of 1596 and 1598. The play possesses several themes, firstly that of love versus greed. The play is a demonstration of the triumph of love and friendship over greed. Secondly, mercy versus justice and the law. This refers to the courtroom scene where Shylock is pleaded with to alter his adverse decision regarding Antonio and the pound of flesh even though law states he is fully entitled to justice. The third theme is of race and racial prejudice. Even today, four centuries after the play was written, arguments still rage over the controversial anti-Semitic text that many fell should not be taught in schools. There are also accusations that the play is an attack on prejudice. To fully understand the play and the controversy surrounding it, we must research into anti-Semitism in its historical context:- Anti-Semitic views have existed for centuries. An early act of anti-Semitism occurred in England in the 13th century when Jews were accused on many trumped up charges of killing children. Massacres of Jews occurred and eventually, in 1290, the entire Jewish community was expelled from England and were not allowed to return until the mid-seventeenth century. Therefore in Shakespeares time (16th century), England was a Jew-free country. This was mirrored in some European countries, and in some cities (including Venice) Jews lived in ghettos, separate walled parts of the city which were locked at night. With this common prejudice and ignorance, Shakespeares occasional portrayal of Shylock as a stereotypical Jew (cruel, greedy etc) is perhaps understandable. During Shakespeares time, the play was considered, by many, nothing more than a comedy. This shows vividly what the attitudes of Christians towards Jews were then. Also during this time, Christians could not, by law, lend money out a t interest, however Jews could. This consequently meant that Jews made profit from Christians, which angered Christians greatly. These anti-Semitic views, if not so strong, are still evident in this day and age with the constant fighting on the Gaza Strip between rebel Palestinians and Israeli military. Seldom does a month pass without hearing news of a car bomb exploding in Jerusalem or a little Jewish boy shot by a Hez Bolah gorilla. These racial tensions are not helped by the common jokes about Jews, for example the crude American cartoon series South Park where an eight-year-old Jewish boy, Kyal, is taunted by his friends over his religious beliefs. The character of Shylock demonstrates the stereotypical Elizabethan Jew. Hatred of Christians and the practice of usury (lending money out at interest). Although the latter is common place today, it was often frowned upon in Elizabethan times. Over the centuries, the way in which Shylock has been viewed has changed dramatically, probably more than any other Shakespearian character. In the 18th century he was considered an out-and-out villain, whereas in the 19th century people began to concentrate on the wrongs suffered by Shylock, and it even became fashionable to finish the play at the end of the trial scene. Editions in modern theatre are less extreme. In each scene of the play where Shylock makes an appearance, Shakespeare wants the audience to judge him. The opinions he tries to force on the audience vary from scene to scene, and sometimes vary inside an individual scene. We, the audience, first meet Shylock in act one scene three. In the two scenes prior to this, one and two, we learn that Bassanio, a Venetian gentleman, needs to borrow money from his good friend Antonio, the merchant of Venice, to impress a rich lady, Portia, whom he wishes to marry. However Antonios wealth is tied up in goods out at sea so they decide that they will ask Shylock for a loan. The scene opens with Bassanio and Shylock discussing the loan, and both men seem content. However, when Antonio enters the scene Shylocks mood switches. This is evident in his vicious aside:- How like a fawning publican he looks. I hate him for he is a Christian.. If I can catch him once upon the hip, I will feed fat the ancient grudge I bear him. In Shylocks aside, Shakespeare unveils his true hatred for Antonio and how he longs for revenge on him. In light of this the audience will view Shylock as a cruel and vindictive man. However, later in the scene, after some debating of the loan, Shylock tells of how Antonio has mistreated him in the past:- You call me misbeliever, cut-throat dog, And spit upon my Jewish gaberdine, you spat on me Wednesday last, Antonios response to these comments is:- I am as like to call thee so again, To spit on thee again, to spurn thee too. Here, Antonio makes it clear that he is glad of how he has treated Shylock, and expresses intentions to do it again. With this information of Antonios anti-Semitic actions towards Shylock in the past, how will they react to the pound of flesh bond? Even considering Antonios mistreatment of Shylock in the past, the audience are likely to accept Shylocks interpretation of the bond as a merry sport as there is nothing in the first two scenes to suggest other than a conventional comedy. Shylock indicates that the bond agreement is in the same spirit. As the curtain falls on this scene, the audience, in most cases, will agree that Shylock has good reason to hate Antonio, and that he is more a victim than a cruel man. The next scene of significance regarding Shylock is act two scene three, although Shylock himself is not present. It is a very brief scene in which Jessica, Shylocks daughter, gives a letter to Launcelot, Shylocks servant, for Lorenzo, a friend on Antonio who will elope with Jessica. Jessica gives reasons for her elopement with Lorenzo:- I am sorry thou wilt leave my father so: Our house is hell, and thou, a merry devil, .ashamed to be my fathers child. Jessica acquaints us with her unhappiness at home, and, although expresses sorrow for leaving her father, states that she dislikes his morals (manners) and is ashamed to be his daughter. Shakespeare, again, introduces reference to changing religion, when Jessica says:- If thou keep promise, I shall end this strife, Become a Christian and thy loving wife. Here, Shakespeare introduces the idea that Jessica will become happy if she becomes a Christian, raising the controversial issue of race and racial prejudice. With the combination of Jessica running-off and eloping with Lorenzo, and Jessica changing her religion, Shakespeare creates an effective feeling of isolation for Shylock. His own daughter has, not only eloped with the enemy, but become one of them by turning Christian. Even with Shylock absent from the scene, you help but feel sorry for him, as his own flesh and blood has betrayed him. Therefore, in this scene, as in act one scene three, Shylock appears more of a victim than a vengeful man. In act two scene six, Jessica, dressed as a boy, elopes with Lorenzo. Shylock, again not present is this scene, is dealt a further blow by his daughter, Jessica, who steals money and treasures from him before eloping with Lorenzo. In doing this Jessica, after just becoming a Christian, has broken two of the Ten Commandments, by failing to honour her father and stealing. Perhaps Shakespeare could be complementing the Jews, and Shylock by suggesting that Jessica has wronged because she has become a Christian. Similarly to act two scene three, Shylock has been betrayed by his own people (Jews), and more to the point his own daughter. Jessicas conflict of loyalty further emphasizes Shylocks isolation and the audience will recognise this and it will reinforce their sympathy with him. Act two scene eight, and a conversation between two of Antonios friends, Solanio and Salerio, which reveals several things. Through interpretation Solanio describes Shylocks outraged reaction to Jessica eloping with Lorenzo and stealing his money and jewels:- My daughter! O my ducats! O my daughter! Fled with a Christian! O my Christian ducats! Justice! The law! My ducats, and my daughter! As this is a reported speech, the audience cannot be sure if it is true until later in the play. Obviously is it expected that Shylock will be upset, however, the interpretation from Solanio, at times with a hint of sarcasm, suggests that he only wants his daughter to return so he can get justice, and if this is proven to be the case later in the play, the audience will start to wonder if Shylock is worthy of their sympathy. So on this scene the audience will be caught in two minds, if they do not believe that Shylock reacted in the way that Solanio suggested, then they will still see Shylock as a victim, probably more so, but if they deem Solanios interpretation true, they will start to view Shylock less as a victim and more as a villain. Shakespeare probably toys with the audience like this on purpose so that they are intrigued, and want to find out which side of Shylock will show through later in the play. This refers to the love versus greed theme, which does he care about more his daughter or his ducats? Act three scene one is a key scene involving Shylock. The deadline for the bond repayment is fast approaching and the likelihood is that Antonios ships will be lost. The scene opens with Solanio and Salerio discussing the bad fortunes of Antonios ships at sea, and then Shylock enters the scene. His first comments suggest that he is genuinely concerned about his daughter, and especially that her flight seems to be a source of entertainment for Solanio and Salerio, who draw a distinction between Shylock and his daughter, by comparing his blood to rhenish, a white wine:- Shylock:- I say my daughter is my flesh and blood. Salerio:- There is more difference between thy flesh and hers, than between jet and ivory; more between your bloods, than there is between red wine and rhenish. At this, a very early stage of the scene, the audience will begin to think that Solanios interpretation of Shylocks reaction to Jessicas elopement with Lorenzo was false, and indeed, will agree that Shylock values his daughter above his wealth. After Solanio and Salerio tease Shylock, they inform him that one of Antonios ships has sunk. For Shylock, this adds insult to injury, his daughter has eloped with a Christian, become a Christian herself, stolen much of his valuables and now Antonio will be unable to pay back the loan. This annoys Shylock:- There I have another bad match, a bankrupt. He was wont to lend money for a Christian courtesy, let him look to his bond. Here, Shylock suggests, for the first time in the play, that he will take a pound of Antonios flesh. Salerio asks him:- ..whats that good for? Shylock responds to the question viciously, and describes, in far more detail than in act one scene three, how Antonio has made him suffer in the past:- ..He hath disgraced me, and hindered me half a million, laughed at my losses, mocked my gains, scorned my nation, thwarted my bargains, cooled my friends, heated mine enemies, and whats his reason? I am a Jew. Here, Shakespeare shows the side of Shylock as a victim very strongly, and goes on to make a point that people tend to forget amidst all the racial prejudice, Jews and Christians alike are both human beings:- .Hath not a Jew eyes? Hath not a Jew hands, organs, dimensions, senses, affections, passions?. ..If you prick us do we not bleed?. This heavy-hearted response portrays Shylock, and all Jews, as victims of racial prejudice, and consequently the audience will take pity on Shylock. With the audience firmly on his side, Shylock reveals his plans regarding the bond, with reasons:- If a Jew wrong a Christian, what is his humility? Revenge. If a Christian wrong a Jew, what should his sufferance be by Christian example? Why revenge. The villany you teach me I will execute, Here, Shylock argues that if he goes ahead with the bond, and takes a pound of flesh from Antonio, it will be under the influence of Christians acting violently against him. Tubal, Shylocks colleague, enters the scene, he has been in Genoa searching for Jessica. He informs Shylock that he has not found her, this throws Shylock into a rage:- Two thousand ducats in that, and other, precious, precious jewels. I would my daughter were dead at my foot, and the jewels in her ear. A sudden outburst from Shylock and the sympathy the audience had for him quickly evaporates. He has just proven Solanios interpretation correct, it now appears he values his money and jewels above his daughter. His eagerness for revenge also fuels the audience change in attitude. This already negative attitude of the audience towards Shylock, created by Shakespeare, is made worse when Tubal confirms Antonios losses at sea:- What, what, what? Ill luck, ill luck? And goes to say:- I thank God, I thank God. Shylock is overjoyed at the news of Antonios losses. Tubal then informs Shylock that Jessica spent in Genoa and the time and amount; one night fourscore ducats. Shylocks response to this is:- Thou stickst a dagger in me. I shall never see my gold again. Shylocks response further emphasises the fact that he values money over his daughter. Turning the audience further against him. Shylock then goes on to say how he will take pleasure in acting out the bond:- .Ill plague him, Ill torture him. I am glad of it. This scene began well, as regards Shylocks reputation with the audience, with the audience taking pity on him for the way Antonio has treated him in the past, and because he is subject to racial prejudice because hes a Jew. He is seen by the audience as an outcast and a victim of anti-Semitism. However, his chilling comments about his daughter, his joy over Antonios losses, and his pleasure of plotting to act out the bond turn the audience strongly against him, and his vicious, cruel, greedy and revengeful side comes to the for. Act three scene three sees Antonio make a last, and as it turns out, useless plea to Shylock. Shylock made it clear in act three scene one that he would demand the forfeit of the bond, and Antonio is unsuccessful at persuading him otherwise. There is no reason, technically speaking, why Shylock should not demand the forfeit of the bond, it is the course of law Antonio admits. However, it raises one of the themes of the play, mercy versus justice. Shylock shows that there is no mercy for Antonio in his heart:- Antonio:- I pray thee hear me speak. Shylock:- Ill have my bond. I will not hear thee speak. Ill have my bond, and therefore speak no more. For the audience, this scene is merely a reinforcement of their disliking of Shylock, as his cruel and greedy side comes through strongly again. Act four scene one, and the court room scene. Antonio is brought to trial so that Shylock may claim the forfeit of his bond. The Duke and Antonios friends plead with Shylock, and at one point Bassanio offers Shylock six thousand ducats, double the loan given to Antonio. Shylocks rejection of these pleas confirms his decision on the mercy versus justice theme, he wants justice, not an audience pleasing choice. Even though everyone in the court is against Shylock, other than himself, it looks as though he will get his way and will be granted the forfeiture of the bond. But then Portia enters the court. She is disguised as a doctor of law, Shylock has been tricked. The audience will pick up on this and initially will be glad as it could mean a cancellation of the bond, against Shylocks wishes. Portias first actions are to, like the Duke, plead with Shylock for mercy:- Then must the Jew be merciful. Shylocks response to this is:- On what compulsion must I? Tell me that. Portias responds with:- The quality of mercy is not strained, It droppeth as the gentle rain from heaven Upon the place beneath. It is twice blessed, Here, Portia tells Shylock that if he gives mercy, both he and Antonio will be rewarded. Later in her speech she also calls mercy an attribute to God himself. This carefully structured reasoning from Portia is not nearly enough to persuade Shylock. At this point, Shakespeare wants the audience to despise Shylock more than at any other part of the play. This is because next, Portia grants Shylock his demand of the forfeiture of the bond. Shakespeare has built up the hatred for Shylock in the audience for this moment. However, Portia demands to inspect the bond, and on doing so finds a fault in it. She realises this just before the bond forfeiture will take place, and by this time Shylock, and everyone else in the court, is convinced that the verdict is final. Portia states:- Tarry a little, there is something else. This bond doth give thee here no jot of blood, One drop of Christian blood, they land and goods Are by the laws of Venice confiscate Unto the state of Venice. Portia has told Shylock that in taking a pound of flesh, he must not shed a single drop of blood or his possessions will become the property of the state of Venice. At this point, Shakespeare will want his audience to be happy at the rejection of the bond, although he will want them to still see Shylock as a cruel person for his evil ways earlier in the play, and earlier in this scene. However, Portia deals Shylock another blow. She announces that he cannot have his money either, by law, as he rejected it openly in the court:- He hath refused it in the open court. He shall have merely justice and his bond. For the audience, this will fuel their amusement at Shylocks misfortune. Shakespeare will want them to feel that Shylock deserves the rejection of the money, again for his evil actions earlier in the play. The audience are now satisfied, but the Christians in the court are not. Portia tells Shylock:- Tarry Jew, The law hath yet another hold on you. .If it be proved against an alien That by direct, or indirect attempts He seek the life of any citizen, The party gainst the which he doth contrive Shall seize one half of his goods,. Portia tells Shylock, whom she calls an alien, that if he has attempted to kill a citizen (Antonio), the victim is entitled to half of his belongings. Finally, Antonio is asked if he can give Shylock any mercy. He says that he wants the fine of half of Shylocks goods cancelled, it appears Antonio is showing Shylock mercy, and that Shakespeare could perhaps be demonstrating that Christians have qualities that Jews do not (mercy), but he then demands something else of Shylock:- He presently become a Christian. For the first time in the scene, and at the end of Shylocks presence, Shakespeare wants the audience to feel sorry for Shylock. He has been forced to change his religion. Back in Elizabethan times religion was very strong, it was the absolute truth, and to ask someone to change their beliefs was horrific. For Shylock it may as well have been the death penalty. In a grossly unfair trial, with a fake doctor of law, and everyone else on Antonios side anyway, Shylock, in the end, comes across as a victim of racial prejudice, and this is what Shakespeare wanted to demonstrate.

Mattel and Toy Safety Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

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Crisis Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Crisis Management - Essay Example It consists of techniques of how to prepare for and respond to a negative events and it includes actions well-coordinated which will control the damage and preserve or restore public confidence to the organization. a) first, the leader should set with the help of his/her top management team, a crisis management plan which should be in accordance with the values and the philosophy of the organization and which identifies different levels of crisis in the organization. b) Create a crisis management team which will identify possible crises and develop plans, roles and responsibility for preparing and mitigating each of the crises. The leader should help this team in analyzing crisis by various attributes such as industry, location, process etc. From 1990 - 2007 , according to ICM, the white collar crime is still number one in the list of most common crises, followed by mismanagement, workplace violence, labor disputes and class action suits. The top executives are the ones that made the news in 2007 for mismanagement and white collar crime. Workplace violence recorded the biggest increase of any of the 16 crisis types ICM tracks. The types of crises that ICM tracks are the following: catastrophes, casualty accidents, environmental, class action lawsuits consumer activism, defects& recalls, discrimination, executive dismissal, financial damages, hostile takeover, labor disputes, mismanagement, sexual harassment, whistle blowers, white collar crime and workplace violence. It is impressive that product defects and recalls rise up to 44% over the year before. The most crisis prone industries in 2007 were: software makers, pharmaceutical companies, petroleum refining, natural gas companies, security brokers/dealers, banking,

Management skills Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Management skills - Essay Example In his book, which is a scholarly source he emphasis that companies should emulate competitive intelligence, strategic planning and management action in order to have an effective early warning system. The book is relevant and practical especially to the enterprises managers who aim at excelling in the 21st century. Byars who is also an expert in the field of strategic management, has embarked on providing appropriate scholarly acceptable information that covers various techniques of formulating and implementing management principles. These include proper organizational structure and adoption of adequate measures in planning and controlling of companies resources. The journal is written by academicians to analyze the growth of the UK grocery retailers and their strategic objectives. This makes it to be a scholarly source. Clarke Ian and Bennison are senior lecturers in the department of Retailing and Marketing at the University of Manchester Metropolitan while Clifford is a senior lecturer based in Cardiff University of Wales in the department of City and Regional Planning. The authors give candid information to the students on the effects of changes in formats by the competitors in the UK food retail sector. Flavià ¡n, C., Haberberg, A and Polo Y. 2002. Food retailing strategies in the European Union. A comparative analysis in the UK and Spain, Journal of Retailing & Consumer Services, Vol. 9 Issue 3, pp.125-138. The journal is popular in giving a clear analysis of the competition that exist in the UK groceries food retailers. The authors who are market researchers, highlights the market share of the UK major supermarkets that include Tesco, Asda, Sainsbury and Morrisons. The journal is an important source for this paper that seeks to undertake competition as well as PESTEL analysis This working paper is sensational in nature since it tries to seek the reaction of suppliers if customers are hesitant to try

What Is Geographic Profiling?

What Is Geographic Profiling? Crime is not randomly distributed and offenses are more likely to occur in certain places and at certain times. The apprehension process can be significantly accelerated if geographic profiling is used to organize an abundance of information via geographical links (Ramsland n.d.). This technique is an effective tool in ascertaining a suspects residence and/or place of employment because it is conducted in a scientific manner on the basis of well-established psychological principles (Sammons n.d.). The geographical patterns in data can be analyzed using the following principle elements: mobility, mental maps, locality demographics and distance (nij.gov 2006). A geographical analysis highlights the crime location, any physical boundaries that were present (that might not otherwise be noticed), and the types of roads and highways that come into both the abduction and body dump sites. Hypotheses are developed which can be tested against evidence and modified or rejected as the evidence dictates. (Sammons n.d.) Objective measurements are frequently used as a component of geographic profiling in order to pinpoint precisely the locus of criminal activity. (Sammons n.d.) One of the methods used to obtained predictions is a geographic profiling system. The area most likely to contain the offenders home is computed by the system using algorithms and indicated in the probability surfaces. The probability of an offender residing at a particular location generally decreases with increasing distance from an offense, so these algorithms are referred to as distance decay functions (Bennell, Corey Keyton 2007). According to the available research the accuracy of geographic profiling systems reduces the overall area that police have to search by up to 90% (Bennell, Corey Keyton 2007). This method can assist police through the use of the most effective tools to target crime prevention resources in the appropriate areas. When we understand the link between offenses and location it is beneficial in our understanding of why certain locations attract more crime than others. Investigative efforts can be targeted when we are able to predict characteristics of the offender(s) responsible for a series of crimes. The use of geographic profiling also facilitates in law enforcements ability to prioritize suspects by an individuals most likely place of residence, their knowledge of a particular area and to determine which offenses are linked and which are not, so that they can determine whether or not a certain crime may have been carried out by the same offender(s) (Sam mons n.d.). GIS capability, database management, powerful visualization tools and analytic engine are incorporated together and compose what is known as computerized geographic profiling (Harris 1999). The use of geographic profiling can be deployed through a number of investigative strategies. Some examples may include: department of motor vehicle searches, mass DNA screening prioritization, canvasses and searches, zip code prioritization, information request mailouts, patrol saturation and surveillance, address-based searches of police record systems and suspect and tip prioritization (Harris 1999). In order for computerized geographic profiling to be most effective crime locations should first be broken down by type such as: body dump sites for a murder, victim encounter or murder. Each of these crime locations should be entered into the system by latitude/longitude, digitization or by entering the address (Harris 1999). Scenarios are created and weighted based on crime locations and the use of theoretical and methodological principles (Harris 1999). A probability chart known as a z-score histogram is created from the suspect addressed and is evaluated according to their hit percentage on the chart Mental Maps A mental map, is a cognitive image of ones surroundings that is developed through experiences, travel routes, reference points and centers of activity. This is another significant factor in geographical profiling. (nij.gov 2006) Each person has their own mental map that contains the places he or she feels safe and takes for granted regardless of offender status. These mental maps do not accurately represent reality, but rather the perspective and experience of the individual. (Sammons n.d.) An offenders mental map can be reconstructed and interpreted with the assistance of the familiarity of the location in relation to his or her awareness of space (Allaire, Beauregard, Leclerc et al 2007). Inferences about a criminal can be made about them by reviewing the distribution of their offenses since they were likely influenced by that individuals mental map of an area (Sammons n.d.) Crime site selection is influenced by these mental maps as the offender must first be aware of the site befo re a target can be victimized. (Allaire, Beauregard, Leclerc et al 2007). Many times an offenders mental map will change as he becomes more confident which in turn will increase his range of criminal activity. A criminal may be either geographically stable or transient or may start as geographically stable and become transient with time and number of criminal acts. (nij.gov 2006) An offender is influenced by several factors which determine his tendency toward stability or mobility such as: their experience with travel, means for getting places, sense of personal security, and predatory motivations. (nij.gov 2006) Routine Activity Theory and Circle Theory Routine Activity Theory otherwise known as RAT is another approach that is taken into consideration by geographical profiling. Three circumstances must coincide according to the RAT principle: a motivated offender, a suitable victim and the absence of a capable guardian (Sammons n.d.). RAT assumes that in any area there are a certain number of people motivated to commit crime (Sammons n.d.) This theory sees offenses as just another activity that a person might do on a regular basis without any attempt to explain the reason why. Another belief of this theory is that the routine activity of victims is important because people tend to stick with familiar territory. Clues about where an offender lives can be provided by an analysis of all the crime scenes (Ramsland n.d.). There is a difference between perceived distance and actual distance and certain components influence how this disparity can affect the commission of a crime. The perception of distance varies from one person to the nex t and can be influenced by any of the following: familiarity with a specific region, types of roads, availability of transportation and number of barriers such as bridges or state boundaries (nij.gov 2006) Since most peoples activities are confined to a few fairly limited area where they work, where they live, where they socialize a persons offenses will be limited in that same geographical area according to RAT (Sammons n.d.). A successful example of geographical profiling using RAT involves a computerized system called Dragnet. The location of the offenses allows Dragnet to predict where an offender is likely to lived based on that information. Dragnet created a map that suggested probabilities that the offender responsible was based in different regions according to the information it received on a number of linked rapes in Las Vegas. The focus of the investigation was able to be narrowed to a single apartment block as a result of the investigating officers knowledge of the local area and the offender in turn was subsequently arrested (Sammons n.d.). Canter and Larkin (1193) came up with the circle theory of environmental range which proposed that the majority of the time, if a circle is drawn that encompasses all of a series of linked crimes, the offender will be based somewhere within the circle. (Sammons n.d.) There is a fair amount of support for this view. Godwin and Canter (1997) found that 85 per cent of the offenders they studied lived inside the circle encompassing their offenses (Sammons n.d.). Serial rapes and arson attacks in Australia were reviewed by Koscis and Irwin (1997) which confirmed the circle theory. The only exception appeared to be burglary since burglars only lived in the circle defined by the offenses about half the time. A review the offense locations of 53 serial murderers in Germany was conducted by Snook et al (2005).The results of his study discovered that the killer lived within six miles of where the bodies were found in 63% of the cases. Younger offenders travel shorter distances and killers with higher IQ travel further. Information about the dispersal of offenses may indicate some general characteristics of the offender responsible because it has been found that experience and intelligence influence killers attempts to disguise their crimes (Sammons n.d.) Importance of Geographic Profiling and how it can be most effective Geographical profiling has a particular importance in the United States because there are many different law enforcement agencies which share little data between them, so this method enables a connection between crimes to be established that might not have otherwise been linked (Sammons n.d.). In order to construct an accurate geographical profile all of the following elements need to be included in the assessment: computerized analysis, study of area maps, analysis of neighborhood demographics for both the abduction site and body dump site, examination of the crime scenes, complete familiarity with the case file and interviews with investigators and witnesses. (Ramsland n.d.) In order for geographical profiling to be effective the following should be taken into consideration: it requires accurate data on the offenses that have been committed in an area, police data on crime is likely underreported, so the data used to generate the crime maps is likely to be incomplete as a result, s ince police will have a vast amount of data available it may be difficult for them to determine what should be left out when they attempt to construct a crime map and additional problems can arise from inconsistencies in how the locations of the crimes may be recorded by the police (Sammonds n.d.). Information about five or more crime locations needs to be available in order for geographic profilers to be most effective according to a 2005 study conducted by Rossmo (Bennell, Corey Keyton, et al. 2007). He also claimed that as additional crime locations were incorporated into the prediction that there would be an even further increase in accuracy. (Bennell, Corey Keyton, et al. 2007). This assumption is not supported by the analysis of CrimeStats performance across maps with varying numbers of crimes. Participant performance is shown to increase from three to five crimes, but the increase vanishes when making predictions from seven crimes according to the findings in this study (Be nnell, Corey Keyton, et al. 2007). . A localized improvement in performance was found with five crime locations, but it is not evidence of a large positive correlation between the number of crime locations and predictive accuracy. Accuracy does not increase as more crime locations are added to the information used to make a prediction (Bennell, Corey Keyton, et al. 2007). Generalizability When a crime occurs in a specific location, the area surrounding that location may experience an increased risk of a similar crime occurring for a distinct period of time which is known as a near repeat phenomenon. Trends in spatiotemporal proximity which involve both space and time are referred to as near repeat crimes (Cook, Nobles Ward et al. 2011). A rival explanation for the observation of near repeat crime is spree crime which is a pattern characterized by high frequency of criminal activity involving the same offender across a short time span such as hours or days. This phenomenon can be generalized across multiple crime types and effect various temporal bands on near repeat pattern. The temporal dimension of near repeat crime may vary across different types of offenses (Cook, Nobles Ward et al. 2011). The majority of crime types have a component of repeat victimization except for manslaughter or murder. A disproportionate amount of crime has been shown by research to occur in specific geographic areas known as hot spots. These areas have a higher than average risk of victimization and vary in size, but are typically blocks or street segments. The identification of hot spots allows law enforcement to understand where crimes are most likely to take place, so they can more effectively target its resources. (Cook, Nobles Ward et al. 2011). Repeat victimization is different than hot spots which include multiple targets and crime types and they are not concentrated in a specific amount of time even if they are concentrated in space. An overall consensus was found that homes that are burglarized have a higher likelihood of being burglarized again in the future. In the month following an original burglary Johnson et al. (1997) found the risk of re-victimization to be elevated. Another study conducted by Morgan (2001) also found that re-victimization was most likely to occur in the month following a burglary, however the data reflected that areas of higher ov erall burglary rates had more stability in their likelihood of repeat victimization (Cook, Nobles Ward et al. 2011). A near repeat pattern for burglaries that extended at least 200m for two weeks existed in all of the study locations examined by Johnson et al (2007). This was the result in all ten areas within the five counties despite the fact that the patterns differed in the geographic areas. A pattern of increased risk of victimization in the surrounding area of a residence after a burglary was discovered by Morgan. Morgan referred to these incidents as near repeats. In the week following a burglary the homes in the surrounding area were particularly at an increased risk of burglary (Cook, Nobles Ward et al. 2011). They also determined that affluent areas as opposed to deprived areas appeared to reflect more evident space-time clustering. Townsley et al. (2003) found that there was an increase in burglary incidents within 200 m (approximately 650 feet) and 2 months of an origi nal burglary. Similarly, Johnson and Bowers (2004) found increased risk of burglaries for dwellings within 400 feet of a previously burgled home for 1 to 2 months following the incident, especially on the same side of the road (Cook, Nobles Ward et al. 2011). The overall burglary rate can be reduced by 25% if repeat victimization can be prevented and is also a highly important crime reduction strategy. A similar result to burglary was found when Johnson et al. (2009) looked at the spatiotemporal relationship of theft from motor vehicles. Over a two week period evidence of near repeat crimes was found occurring within 800m of the original incident. Ratcliffe and Rengert (2008) analyzed the spatial and temporal distributions of shooting incidents in Philadelphia to explore the near repeat phenomenon for traditional violent crime (Cook, Nobles Ward et al. 2011). The analysis for this crime type was partially guided by the theoretical information provided by Ratcliffe and Rengert. Thi s study discovered there is a significantly increased likelihood of another shooting within one block of the initial shooting for two weeks after the incident. It cannot be determined whether a near repeat pattern for shooting is common to all geographic areas or whether characteristics specific to the study location influenced the pattern since this was the first study to examine shootings (Cook, Nobles Ward et al. 2011). A global near repeat phenomenon for shootings may exist if the Philadelphia pattern is exhibited in different geographical areas, but if they did not find similar results then individual locations would need to identify their own unique near repeat patterns if they existed at all. The near repeat pattern for auto theft spans a greater spatial distance than the other crimes which is likely attributed to the goal of stealing specific vehicles, but patterns of offending will vary according to motivation. Any near repeat pattern for robbery occurs with small spatial and temporal bands and exhibits a small, doughnut like spatial pattern as a result of the spontaneity of robbery (Cook, Nobles Ward et al. 2011). Prior research has shown robbery to cluster temporally within 1 to 2 days, and spatially, close to the original incident, but not within the immediate 500m (Cook, Nobles Ward et al. 2011). The spatial similarity of near repeat patterns for robbery and auto theft regardless of crime type illustrates that offenders committing different crimes may still share a comparable decision making process. Offenders may still work within distinct reference areas regardless of crime type which is the basis for geographic profiling and offender identification through circle theory. Repeat offenders select their targets in familiar areas that tend to be closer to the offenders residence (Cook, Nobles Ward et al. 2011). The result is that geographic patterns can be found in crimes that are linked to the same perpetrator, which can then be used to identi fy the probable location of the offenders residence. Patterns in both near repeat crimes and spree offending can likely be attributed to the same offender. Bowers and Johnson (2004) found that near repeat burglaries exhibited the same modus operandi as the original crimes, indicating that near repeat burglaries were likely being committed by the same offenders or groups of offenders. Bernasco (2008) found that same-offender involvement is directly tied to spatial and temporal distances between burglaries. Additionally, Johnson et al. (2009) found that crimes occurring closest to one another in space and time were most likely to be attributed to the same offender (Cook, Nobles Ward et al. 2011). A successful first offense increases the likelihood of repeat offending in the general area although the same exact location may not be re-victimized. Residential Proximity Research has consistently shown that the number of criminal offenses that an offender commits decreases as distance from an offenders residence increases with the exception of violent and/or sex offenders (Donnay, Duwe Tewksbury 2008). The determination of offense location was influenced more by characteristics of events and relationships rather than characteristics of victims and opportunities (Donnay, Duwe Tewksbury 2008).Offenses occured an average of more than three miles from offenders homes according to data from five hundred sixty five rapes committed by serial rapists. Of this same population 86% marauded outward into an area of an average of 180 square miles rather than offending against victims that lived nearby (Donnay, Duwe Tewksbury 2008). In New Zealand, serial sexual assault offenders committed their offenses an average of 3 kilometers (1.86 miles) away from their residences. For other types of violent crime, Groff and McEwen (2006) reported that homicide offenders committed the offense, on average, 0.69 miles from their homes. In addition, Tita and Griffiths (2005) showed that across 9 years of homicides in Pittsburgh, homicide offenders rarely killed in their own neighborhoods (Donnay, Duwe Tewksbury 2008).When offenders commit their crimes it is likely to result in different spatial patterns because factors related to opportunity and risk will vary even if motivational level across offender types is constant. Since the targets of serial burglars are immobile they will exhibit more commuting behavior than serial murderers (Bennell, Corey Keyton, et al. 2007). A burglar can travel into the same area to commit more crimes in the future because while the crime is being committed he or she can locate potential targets through the observation of other residences in the area. While serial murderers may observe other targets while offending it is not very likely that these potential victims will remain in this same place for long (Bennell, Corey Keyton, et al. 2007). Another factor that will determine whether an individual will exhibit commuting behavior is the level of perceived risk associated with committing crimes in the same geographic area (Bennell, Corey Keyton, et al. 2007). Serial burglars would not be dissuaded from repeatedly commuting into the same area to commit their crimes because they are largely unaffected by the risks associated with committing multiple offenses in close proximity to one another (Bennell, Corey Keyton, et al. 2007). Serial murderers would typically have to exhibit marauding behavior to avoid detection. As a result of the attention their crimes receive they would not be able to display the same behavior as the serial burglars (Bennell, Corey Keyton, et al. 2007). Rational Choice Approach There is a relationship between the behavioral and geographic aspect of criminal behavior referred to as the rational choice approach. This approach recognizes that the offenders behaviors are dependent on environmental cues associated with the criminal event like: nature (indoor vs. outdoor locations) and familiarity with the offense location (Allaire, Beauregard, Leclerc et al 2007).Target selection is highly dependent on the physical environment and there is a pattern in both spatial and temporal distribution of offenders and victims. As a result of the connection between the types of location and the types of strategy exhibited by an offender means that offender strategies might be triggered by the types of location at which the offender and victim met (Allaire, Beauregard, Leclerc et al 2007).One study conducted by Ouimet and Proulx (1994) reflects the correlates of spatial behavior in violent crimes by showing that a majority of child molesters offended in or near their residen ces. There are several advantages to an offenders home over competing locations which make it the best possible location to commit an offense (Allaire, Beauregard, Leclerc et al 2007).One of these advantages may be facilitating the security children might feel which might make them more willing to participate in sexual contact. There is an association between interactional, transactional and adaptive nature of human behavior. The level of violence of the crime is positively associated with the distance traveled by the offender from his home to the target. (Allaire, Beauregard, Leclerc et al 2007).The offender has to adapt his crime strategies and use the appropriate approach method for the situation. Information processing and decision making occurs through experience whether or not a person is a criminal. For example, child molesters may have to travel farther if they are not able to find a suitable victim near their homes. It will become harder for the offender to convince a child take a car trip with a stranger and get him or her to return to the offenders home the farther he has to travel (Allaire, Beauregard, Leclerc et al 2007). Geographic profiling must take into account the linkage between location types and both offender victim search methods and attack methods. Hunting patterns may be helpful to determine which crime locations are the best predictors of an offenders anchor point (Allaire, Beauregard, Leclerc et al 2007). The relationship between offending and geographic behavior may serve as the basis for integrated criminal-geographic profiling as unique investigative strategy (Allaire, Beauregard, Leclerc et al 2007). CONCLUSION Geographic profiling determines the most probable area that an offender lives through the use of an investigative methodology that reviews the locations of a connected series of crimes. This methodology is based on a model that describes the hunting behavior of the offender. It is generally applied in cases of serial murder, rape, arson, robbery and/or bombing cases, but may also be implemented in single crimes that involve multiple scenes or other significant geographic characteristics (Harris 1999). Geographical profiling is an attempt to make predictions about an offender based on information obtained from the crime scene such as the location and timing of the offense (Sammons n.d.). People in general take more short trips than long trips in their daily lives according to the distance decay concept, so offenders are more likely to live close to the sites of their crimes than far away (Harris 1999). Geographic profiling is essential in that it refocuses the scope of the case from t he whole metropolitan area to a small area of the community which in turn substantially reduces the amount of time and resources required to conduct the investigation. (Ramsland n.d.) Geographic profiling provides a means for managing the large volume of information generated in major crime investigations and should be regarded as one of several powerful decision support tools available to the detective. It is best employed in conjunction with other police methods and does not in itself solve cases. When properly decoded geographic crime patterns are clues that can be used to point the detective in the direction of the offender (Harris 1999).

Nutrition Essay -- Health Nutrition Pyramid Diet

Nutrition Paper   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When I first began this project I thought the 7 day eating log was going to be a waste of time, but now that have completed it I realize that it is actually very beneficial. I never realized how bad I was eating until I took a step back and looked at it. This has greatly impacted me to change my eating habits, and start to chose healthier foods. Something I learned about myself is that I have a lack of will power when it comes to certain types of candy or food. I saw ice cream come up more than once on the list, which isn’t very healthy. I think this will affect my lifestyle by opening my eyes to my problems with eating, and now I need to correct them.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The movie Super Size Me has been a movie that I have been int...

Poetics in 330 BC. Shakespeare

Plays have been written ever since Aristotle discussed the origin and function of theater in his famous treatise Poetics in 330 BC. Shakespeare, William the supreme English poet and playwright, recognized in much of the world as the greatest of all dramatists. He was also the first person to have a script for his plays, macbeth is thought to be the first, written in 1606 and published in 1623. As the play unfolds, Macbeth's ambition causes him to change his nature towards evil.At the beginning of the play, Macbeth was portrayed as a courageous soldier who fought for his King without mercy. But once the witches planted the seeds of greater things and Lady Macbeth fuelled his ambition, which lead him to become greedy and power hungry. What is ambition? Ambition is described as eager for success, power or fame. For Macbeth. Ambition was what drove him to become great, it forced him to change his nature towards evil. At the beginning of the play, Macbeth was portrayed as a courageous soldier who fought for his King without mercy. But once the witches planted the seeds of greater things and Lady Macbeth fuelled his ambition, which lead him to become greedy and power hungry. Macbeth was led down to an unescapable road of doom by an outside force, namely fate in the form of the three witches. There was no supernatural force working against Macbeth, which therefore makes him responsible for his own actions and inevitable downfall. Macbeth is indeed responsible for his own actions, which are provoked by an unwillingness to listen to his own conscience, the witches, and his ambition. The witches tempted Macbeth with their prophecies, which made Macbeth ¡Ã‚ ¦s heart and mind slowly filled with ambition and his huger for power. The witches predicted, at the beginning of the play, that Macbeth would soon become the Thane of Cawdor and eventually the outright King. They tell Macbeth this, simply to ignite what would finally end up being a burning desire for success. Lady Macbeth then help Macbeth by inserting ill thoughts into his mind, and provided suggestions as to how to become King. At first, Macbeth rejects the horror in his mind but eventually he succumbs to evil for his ambition is far too great. The effect of the witches on the action of the play can be summarised by these words:  ¡Ã‚ §while the influences of the Witches' prophecies on Macbeth was very great, but it was quite clearly shown that it was only an influence and nothing more ¡Ã‚ ¨ (from a book called Macbeth Analyse). What I want to say was that Macbeth was just morally weaker than other normal human beings such as Banquo, who have very little ambition, Macbeth should been more responsible for his own actions and not blaming his downfall on the witches and his wife. Thanks to Lady Macbeth who acts as a ruthless, overpowering woman who dominates her husband and his actions. She makes Macbeth's decisions for him without giving him any say in his own actions, and she orders her husband to do what she determines to be best for him. It was Lady Macbeth who contrives the plan to kill King Duncan, because she knows that Macbeth would never commit such an act on his own without her prodding. At this present stage, Macbeth still has a conscience and he was very hesitant about killing the King but his weak nature over powers his conscience. Throughout the entire play Macbeth had by many imagination due to his guilt. Like seen the vision of the dagger, the ghost of Banquo, his vivid imagination and his constant worries also provokes him, this showed that he still has a conscience. This was also evident in his terrible dreams, which gives the solid theme that he has indeed â€Å"Murdered sleep†. Macbeth's personnel ambition and his insatiable lust for power drives him to his downfall. Although Macbeth's ambition was not in itself evil. Macbeth ¡Ã‚ ¦s new knowledge, which he obtained from the witches, makes him uncomfortable, as he realises the implications. His first thoughts considering murdering Duncan appeared, and he was scared. But his ambition, his desire for power over comes his fear, for him to pursue the murder. After he commits the murder, Macbeth Say,  ¡Ã‚ §The voice cried  ¡Ã‚ ¥sleep no more ¡Ã‚ ¦ to all the house  ¡Ã‚ ¥Glamis ¡Ã‚ ¦ hath murdered sleep, and therefore Cawdor shall sleep no more; Macbeth shall sleep no more. ¡Ã‚ ¨ Knowing that has committed such a vile act makes him uncomfortable. It will be difficult to act innocent and to deal with his guilt. However when he reaches the kingship, his ambition grow like never before, with his new found power, Macbeth begins to gain strength which he never before possessed. He starts to take charge of his own actions, and Lady Macbeth loses control of him. He no longer needs her to make his decisions for him. This becomes evident, as he planned the murder of Banquo and hired the murderers himself without consulting his wife at all. In fact, Lady Macbeth urges him to forget what has happened in the past and move on. Macbeth, however, with his new sense of control, refuses to submit to her command. He goes on with his plans to kill Banquo because he was the only one that know about witch ¡Ã‚ ¦s prophecies other than himself and his wife, he was also scared that his later generations will become king at the same way that he become king (murdering Duncan). He later decides to kill Macduff's family as well, because he had decide from now oh he ¡Ã‚ ¦ll act whatever his heart told him to. Lady Macbeth was no longer involved in the decisions of Macbeth's life, decisions over which she formerly exercised total control. She was left behind with no part in his life, as Macbeth heads off with new plans of his own. Towards the end of the play when Lady Macbeth went insane and kills herself but still unable to remove the â€Å"damned spot† When she died, Macbeth shows some good which may have been. He wishes for a normal life for which he would have lived to an honourable age but he realised that can ¡Ã‚ ¦t be done. Even when Macbeth hears that the prophecy has become true of Birnam Wood coming to Dunsinane, he rejects this idea and fights on until he realised that Macduff wasn ¡Ã‚ ¦t born in a natural birth but instead was â€Å"Untimely ripped† from his mother ¡Ã‚ ¦s womb. When Macbeth hears of this he realises what he has done and how the witches tricked him, he was absorbed in his own ambition and can not pull out of it. He realise it was too late so he fights on only to be slain by Macduff. Macbeth was a virtuous man, corrupted by power and greed. His ambitions led him to treason, murder and brutal killings by ordering the deaths of individuals, including his friends. The witches, to some extent are responsible for these temptations, as they had the power to provide temptation and to induce wrongful doings. His ambition grew within his head until his thirst for power caused him to lose it all to the blade of Macduff ¡Ã‚ ¦s sword It is my opinion; Macbeth is by no means but a butcher. Unfortunately his great ambition destroyed him and his relationship between his wife, friends (Banquo) and King Duncan. He was simply tempted by the witches to commit these acts with the only motive being personal glory and achievements. Usually, when not being manipulated, Macbeth was a good, loyal and courageous man, who was held by others of the community, in high esteem.

How did Great Britain, France, and the United States respond to the Great Depression? Essay

In Great Britain, there were economic difficulties. For example, the decline of several industries led to high unemployment. In 1929, the Labour Party, which was the largest party in Great Britain, couldn’t solve the problems and fell from power two years later. A new government brought Britain out of the worst stages of the depression by using budgets and tariffs. Britain wouldn’t go as far as deficit spending, though. France had become the most powerful power in Europe at the end of the war, and wanted to rebuild the parts of France that had been destroyed by the war. However, no French government was able to solve the financial problems at that time. Because France’s economy was more balanced, it felt the effects after the other countries did. However, when it did, there was political chaos. Eventually, Communists, Socialists, and Radicals formed a Popular Front government. The Popular Front made the French New Deal, based on FDR’s New Deal. It gave the right to do collective bargaining, 40 hour work weeks, two-week paid vacations, and minimum wages. However, France didn’t have much confidence in this system. In the United States, the industrial production fell to 50 percent of what it was in 1929. Franklin Delano Roosevelt, also known as FDR, pursued a policy called the New Deal. It created the National Recovery Administration, which required government, labor, and industrial leaders to work out regulations for each industry. However, it was declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court, which said that the government shouldn’t intervene in the economy. The NRA was replaced with the Second New Deal and the Works Progress Administration. The WPA employed many people to build bridges, roads, post offices, and other buildings, so people could be paid and get the economy going again. The New Deal did not solve the unemployment problems of the Great Depression, though. Only World War II brought the United States workers back to full employment.

Characteristics of aggressive and anti social behaviours Essays

Characteristics of aggressive and anti social behaviours Essays Characteristics of aggressive and anti social behaviours Essay Characteristics of aggressive and anti social behaviours Essay Six old ages old, John frequently hits, bites and ache other kids when he is angry. He talks back to everyone including grownups. Sometimes, he swears in category. He has this I do non care attitude. A When he does non gets his manner he gets angry really rapidly, starts out by shouting and so starts hitting and seize with teething the kids. He is known as the kid who hurts other kids by hitting and seize with teething. He is besides ill-mannered for he swears. Therefore, none of the kids in the schoolroom privation to play with him. Bribery Tommy is coloring the apples printed on his mathematics book. Zoey comes along when she sees the instructor busy speaking to the other kids. She so asks Tommy to color the apples printed on her mathematics book. Tommy feels uncomfortable and is loath to make so, but Zoey bribe him by stating, if you colour for me, I will portion my tiffin and Sweets with you. Immediately, Tommy switches book and colours Zoey s mathematics book alternatively. Stealing The kids are in the schoolroom playing, when suddenly Charles starts running and demoing off his new ticker to the other kids. Everyone gathers around him to see his new ticker. Jodie feels unhappy as Charles is acquiring all the attending from the kids and besides the instructor. After eyeing Charles maintaining his ticker in his bag, Jodie surreptitiously walks to his bag and takes out his ticker without anyone looking. She puts it into her bag and continues to play. At the terminal of the category, Charles fails to happen his ticker, he starts to shout. The instructor asks who took Charles s ticker, but cipher dares to acknowledge. The instructor so checks every kids bag and merely to happen out that Jodie did a serious offense which is stealing. Common causes of aggressive and anti-social behaviour Frustration Attention seeking Bing territorial Definitions of the causes Frustration A feeling of irritation and an emotional response to fortunes where one is obstructed from geting at a personal end ( Frustration, 2003 ) . Attention seeking Desiring intervention or attending from people, particularly from the instructors ( Attentive, 2005 ) . Bing territorial An country of cognition or involvement ( Territorial, 2006 ) . Example of causes Frustration Children may be triggered and so gets frustrated when they are told to halt playing with their playthings. They may besides acquire defeated due to the fact that they have to analyze instead than play. Attention seeking Children may demo aggressive Acts of the Apostless if they are non being attended to. The instructor may be busy go toing to other kids and that may do the other kid to hold deficiency of attending which leads to hitting, seize with teething and aching other kids. Bing territorial Children may be given to acquire aggressive when their drama district is occupied by other kids or when other kids try to fall in them in their drama corners. Management Techniques/ Schemes Discuss appropriate and inappropriate behaviors When a kid is acting sharply towards the other kids in category, it is the instructor s function to happen schemes on how to get the better of such behavior. One of the ways to get the better of aggressive behavior in category is to discourse the appropriate and inappropriate behavior with the kids. Before the instructor decides to use this scheme, he must do certain that he is in a unagitated province and is able to discourse the kid s actions with the other kids in a diplomatic manner. During the category meeting, the instructor can besides explicate the effects of their actions. For illustration, the kids in the category may be afraid and garbage to play with the kids who are aggressive as they do non desire to acquire hurt. Besides, the instructor can learn the kids about empathy. The instructor has to seek to associate to the kids to allow the kids learn how to experience for their friends. For illustration, the instructor can inquire Ashley inquiries that allow her to set herse lf into others places and to experience what others feel, such as How make you experience if Brenda hits you? and Do you like it if other kids hit you? Provide alternate playthings and stimulation Another scheme to get the better of aggressive behaviors from go oning in category is to supply more alternate plaything and stimulation. Every kid loves to play with playthings. If the schoolroom has deficient playthings and stimulation for the kids to play with, it may do them to hold aggressive behaviors towards other kids. For illustration, Ashley hits Brenda to acquire the excess blocks from her because there are deficient blocks for Ashley to construct her house. Furthermore, when the kids are seeking to make something that is hard for their degree, they may run out of forbearance and lose their pique. Therefore, the instructor has to supply adequate playthings and different picks of playthings for kids to play to avoid them from acquiring bored or frustrated. It is besides the instructor s duty to watch out for marks and have deviating options ready to get the better of such jobs from go oning in the schoolroom. Script of the role-play Scenario: A group of kids are holding a free drama session. They are playing at different corners. Child A is an anti-social kid, who does non wish to play with other kids and prefers to hold lone drama. She likes to sit and play all entirely at one corner, off from the other kids. As Child A is playing entirely at one corner, she spots a cylinder-shape block, non far off from the group of kids. She decides to acquire up and take the cylinder-shape block. At the same clip, Child B spots the same block and decides to take it excessively. Both of them refuse to allow each other drama with the block. Both the kids so struggle to acquire the block but in the terminal, Child B got a clasp of it. Child A gets angry and she raises her manus to hit Child B on the shoulder really hard. Then, Child A snatches the block off from Child B and goes back to her corner to go on playing. The instructor witnesses the whole incident and attacks Child A. The instructor brings Child A towards Child B and has a talk with the both of them. The instructor asks Child A to apologise to Child B and explains that the both of them are incorrect to snap the block from each other. He lets Child A know that she should non hit Child B even when she does non acquire what she wants. Teacher: Ashley and Brenda, the both of you should larn to portion the plaything with one another. Both of you should larn to take bends. You should non hit your friends because it hurts. Child B nods her caput. Child B: Alright. Teacher turns towards Ashley. Teacher: Ashley, why did you hit Brenda? Ashley keeps quiet. Teacher: Ashley, do you like it if your friend hits you? Ashley keeps quiet for a minute and so, she shakes her caput. Child A: NoaˆÂ ¦ Teacher: Alright. You do non like your friend to hit you it because it hurts, right? Ashley nods mutely. Teacher: And if you keep hitting your friend, will she desire to play with you? Child A: No. Teacher: Would you wish that to go on? Child A: No. Teacher: I know that you like playing with blocks, but you have to larn to take bends to play with it, all right? Ashley nods once more. Teacher: Alright, the both of you shall take bends to play and portion the block. Now, who would wish to play with it foremost? Child A: Brenda can play with it foremost. Teacher hands the blocks to Brenda. Child B: Thank you. Both Ashley and Brenda return to their playing topographic point at the same time. Teacher comes out with a solution to forestall the kids from contending for the playthings by supplying sufficient playthings for all of them. Teacher will hold all the kids playing at different larning Centres at a clip. Each larning Centre will hold an indicant on how many kids can be at that place at a clip and the continuance the kids can be at that place. Teacher gathers all the kids together to explicate her solution. Teacher: Children, instructor has come out with a new system. During free drama, every one of you can travel to the Centres you choose to play in. But every Centre will hold a limited figure of kids playing at that place. Once a peculiar Centre is full, you will hold to wait for your bend to play at that Centre. There will be a list at the Centre for you to compose down your names. Every 10 proceedingss, we will hold a rotary motion and you shall travel to another Centre. All the kids nod their caputs. Childs: Yes, instructor! The kids went to the different Centres and follow the new system. The instructor assists the kids. List of group members and task carried out and character in the role-play Go Jen Yi Undertaking: Group treatment Fictional character: Child in the schoolroom Khoo Ze Syan Undertaking: Group treatment Fictional character: Child in the schoolroom Kuan Jee Lian Undertaking: Group treatment, Common characteristics A ; cause of the behavior Fictional character: Child B Brenda Leong Mun Hoe Undertaking: Group treatment, Suggestions on direction techniques/strategies Fictional character: Teacher Ong Leng Choo Undertaking: Group treatment, Overall amending the work Fictional character: Child A Ashley Tay Li Xin Undertaking: Group treatment, Script Writer Fictional character: Narrator